1. Litaba tse hlokang ho hlokomeloa tlhahlobong ea tiisetso ea thepa ea welding
Welding Material Warranty Book e bohlokoa haholo joalo ka tokomane e ngotsoeng le rekoto ea netefatso ea boleng ba thepa ea welding.Lisebelisoa tsa welding li tlameha ho hlahlojoa hore li lumellana le litlhoko pele li sebelisoa.Buka ea tiisetso ea thepa ea welding e lekana le "lintlha tsa thomello" tse fanoeng ke moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa welding ho mosebelisi, 'me litaba tsa eona li lokela ho nepahala le ho phethahala.
Hona joale, ho na le bahlahisi ba bangata ba ka sebelisoang malapeng, 'me boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa bona bo fapane.Sebopeho le litaba tsa litokomane tsa tiisetso ea sehlahisoa le tsona li fapane.Bakeng sa baenjiniere ba li-welding kapa baenjiniere ba boleng, ho bohlokoa hape ho hlahloba litokomane tsa waranti.
Sengoliloeng sena se nka waranti e tloaelehileng ea AWS e le mohlala ho hlahisa lintlha tsa bohlokoa tseo u lokelang ho li ela hloko ha u hlahloba tiisetso.
1) Nomoro e tloaelehileng e lumellana le mohlala oa lisebelisoa tsa welding
Litekanyetso tsohle tsa litekanyetso tse sebelisoang tsa welding tsa American Standard li arotsoe ka litsamaiso tsa borena le tsa metric, mme sistimi ea metric e eketsoa ka "M" kamora nomoro e tloaelehileng.
Mohlala, terata ea ho tjheseletsa arc e ka tlas'a metsi AWS A 5.17 / AWS A 5.17M
Ena ke mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho ngola, nomoro e tloaelehileng ke ea borena, 'me mohlala le oona ke oa borena.
2) Tekanyetso ea ts'ebetsong ea buka ea tiisetso e lokela ho lumellana le tlhokahalo ea sebele (taelo ea ho reka)
Haeba ho hlokahala lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa Welding tsa Amerika, sengoloa se kaholimo se fosahetse ebile se ke ke sa lekana le maemo a Amerika, hobane litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng kapa mekhoa ea liteko ea litekanyetso tse fapaneng e fapane.
3) Pontšo ea litekanyetso tse tšoanelehang le litekanyetso tsa liteko
Lintlha tse ka holimo ke boleng ba buka ea American standard waranti bakeng sa terata e ka tlas'a metsi ea arc, empa tekanyetso ea ts'ebetsong bukeng ea tiisetso ke AWS A 5.17.Ho tloha ho palo e tloaelehileng, ho ka bonoa hore litekanyetso tsohle li lokela ho ba ka Senyesemane.Leha ho le joalo, litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng le lintlha tsa liteko bukeng ea waranti li tsamaisong ea metric, eo ho hlakileng hore ha e ea lekana.
Mohlala, mocheso oa tšusumetso oa F7A2-EH14 e lokela ho ba -20°F, e leng -28.8°C ka Celsius, empa boleng bo tloaelehileng ke -30°C.
Ho itšetlehile ka mabaka a ka holimo, ke habohlokoa haholo hore baenjiniere ba hlahlobe hore na ho na le "M" ka nomoro e tloaelehileng ha ho hlahlojoa buka ea tiisetso.Ke feela ka litlhaloso tsa buka ea tiisetso moo terata ea welding e ka kenngoa tlhahiso ea sebele.
2. Mekhoa ea ho amohela ponahalo bakeng sa tlhaloso ka 'ngoe
(1) GB maemo a amohelehang a ho amohela ponahalo
(1) EN mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho amohela ponahalo
- EXC1 boleng ba sehlopha sa D;
- EXC2 Ka kakaretso, sehlopha sa boleng C,
- EXC3 boleng ba sehlopha B;
- EXC4 Quality class B+, e bolelang litlhoko tse eketsehileng motheong oa boleng ba sehlopha B
(2) Litekanyetso tsa Kamohelo ea Ponahalo e Tloaelehileng ea AWS
Litlhoko tsa boemo ba weld
Tekanyetso ea tlhahlobo ea pono
Maemo a Kamohelo bakeng sa Mefuta ea Tsoelo-pele le Litlhahlobo
moroalo o tsitsitseng
cyclic load
(1) Mapetso a thibetsoe
Mapetso leha e le afe, ho sa tsotellehe boholo kapa sebaka, ha a amohelehe.
X
X
(2) Weld / base metal fusion
Ho tlameha hore ho be le kopanyo e feletseng pakeng tsa likarolo tse haufi tsa weld le pakeng tsa tšepe ea weld le base base.
X
X
(3) Arc crater cross section
Li-arc craters tsohle li tlameha ho tlatsoa ho boholo bo boletsoeng, ntle le lipheletsong tsa li-welds tsa intermittent fillet tse fetang bolelele bo sebetsang ba intermittent fillet weld.
X
X
(4) Sebopeho sa weld profile
Sebopeho sa boemo ba weld se tlameha ho lumellana le "Pass and Fail Weld Profile Shape (AWSD1.1-2000)"
X
X
(5) Nako ea ho hlahloba
Tlhahlobo e bonoang ea litšepe tsohle tsa tšepe e ka qala hang ha chesello e felileng e pholile ho fihlela mocheso oa kamore.Kamohelo ea li-welds tsa tšepe tsa ASTM A514, A517 le A709 Grade 100 le 100W li tlameha ho ipapisa le tlhahlobo ea pono bonyane lihora tse 48 kamora hore weld e phetheloe.
X
X
(6) Boholo bo sa lekaneng ba weld
Boholo ba tjheseletso efe kapa efe e tswelang pele e ka tlase ho boholo bo boletsweng (L) mme bo kopanang le makgabane a latelang (U) bo ke ke ba lefshoa:
LU
Bophahamo ba boholo ba weld bo boletsoeng (mm) Phokotso e lumelletsoeng ho latela L (mm)
≤ 5 ≤ 1.6
6 ≤ 2.5
≥ 8 ≤ 3
Maemong 'ohle, karolo e tlase ea weld e thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 10% ea bolelele ba weld.The tjheseletsa seam e kopanyang tepo ea girder le flange e ke ke ea lekana ka boholo ka hare ho mefuta e fapaneng ya lipheletsong tse peli tsa leballo le bolelele lekana habeli bophara ba flange.
X
X
(7) Undercut
(A) Li-undercuts tsa thepa e nang le botenya bo ka tlase ho 25mm li thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 0.8mm, empa li-undercuts tse nang le undercut ea 50mm le boholo ba 1.5mm boleleleng bofe kapa bofe ba 300mm lia lumelloa.Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse nang le botenya bo lekanang kapa bo boholo ho feta 25mm, undercut ea bolelele bofe kapa bofe ba weld e thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 1.5mm.
X
(B) Likarolong tse ka sehloohong, tlas'a mojaro ofe kapa ofe oa moralo, ha weld e le kamanong e fapaneng le khatello ea maikutlo, botebo ba undercut bo thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 0.25mm.Maemong a mang, botebo ba undercut bo thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 0.8mm.
X
(8) Stomata
(A) Ho kenella ka botlalo (CJP) groove welds ea manonyeletso a butt moo li-welds li fetelang ho khatello e lekantsoeng ea khatello, 'me ha ho li-tubular pores tse bonahalang tse lumelloang.Bakeng sa litšepe tse ling kaofela tsa li-groove le fillet, kakaretso ea bophara ba porosity ea tubula e bonahalang e lekanang kapa e kholo ho feta 0.8mm e ke ke ea feta 10mm ho tjheseletso efe kapa efe ea 25mm le 20mm ho tjheseletso efe kapa efe e bolelele ba 300mm.
X
(B) Nako ea ho hlaha ha li-tubular pores ka li-welds tsa fillet e thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 1 ka 100mm ea bolelele ba weld, 'me bophara bo boholo bo thibetsoe ka thata ho feta 2.5mm.Mekhelo e latelang ke: Bakeng sa litšepe tse kopanyang li-stiffener ho tepo, kakaretso ea bophara ba porosity ea tubula ha ea lokela ho feta 10mm ho tjheseletso efe kapa efe ea bolelele ba 25mm, 'me ha ea lokela ho feta 20mm ho tjheseletso efe kapa efe e bolelele ba 300mm.
X
(C) Ho kenella ka botlalo (CJP) groove welds ea manonyeletso a butt kamanong e fapaneng le khatello ea maikutlo e lekantsoeng, e se nang li-tubular pores.Bakeng sa li-welds tse ling tsohle tsa li-groove, maqhubu a li-tubular pores a ke ke a feta 1 ka 100mm ea bolelele ba weld, 'me bophara bo boholo ha boa lokela ho feta 2.5mm.
X
Tlhokomeliso: "X" e bolela mofuta o loketseng oa khokahanyo, e se nang letho e bolela hore ha e tšoanelehe.
3. Mabaka le tlhahlobo ea liphoso tse tloaelehileng tsa weld le mehato ea thibelo
1. Stomata
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
Ho tjheseletsa arc ka letsoho
(1) Electrode e mpe kapa e metsi.
(2) The weldment e na le mongobo, oli kapa mafome.
(3) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le potlakile haholo.
(4) Mokelikeli o matla haholo.
(5) Bolelele ba arc ha boa lokela.
(6) Botenya ba ho cheselletsa bo boholo, 'me ho pholile ha tšepe ho potlakile haholo.
(1) Khetha electrode e loketseng 'me u ele hloko ho omisa.
(2) Hloekisa karolo e cheselitsoeng pele ho tjheseletsa.
(3) Fokotsa lebelo la welding e le hore khase e ka hare e ka baleha habonolo.
(4) Sebelisa nako e loketseng e khothalletsoang ke moetsi.
(5) Fetola bolelele bo nepahetseng ba arc.
(6) Etsa mosebetsi o loketseng oa ho futhumatsa pele.
CO2 khase e sirelelitsoeng welding
(1) Thepa ea motheo e litšila.
(2) Mohala oa ho cheselletsa o rusitse kapa phallo e metsi.
(3) Ho tjheseletsa sebakeng se fosahetseng le kgetho e fosahetseng ya terata ya welding.
(4) Nako e omileng e telele haholo, 'me tšireletso ea khase ea CO2 ha e ea nepahala.
(5) Lebelo la moea le leholo 'me ha ho sesebelisoa se sireletsang moea.
(6) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le potlakile haholo mme ho phodisa ho potlakile.
(7) Litlhase tsa tlhase li khomarela molomong, li baka moferefere oa khase.
(8) Khase e na le bohloeki bo fokolang 'me e na le litšila tse ngata (haholo-holo mongobo).
(1) Ela hloko ho hloekisa karolo e cheselitsoeng pele ho tjheseletsa.
(2) Khetha terata e loketseng ea ho cheselletsa 'me u e boloke e omme.
(3) Sefaha sa ho cheselletsa matheba ha sea lokela ho ba se nang le sekoli, ’me ka nako e tšoanang, se lokela ho hloeka, ’me boholo ba terata ea ho cheselletsa bo lokela ho ba bo loketseng.
(4) Fokotsa bolelele ba bolelele bo omileng le ho lokisa phallo e nepahetseng ea khase.
(5) Kenya lisebelisoa tsa windshield.
(6) Fokotsa lebelo ho tlohela khase e ka hare ho baleha.
(7) Ela hloko ho tlosa tjheseletsa slag ka nozzle, 'me sebelisa splash adhesion inhibitor ho lelefatsa bophelo ba nozzle.
(8) Bohloeki ba CO2 bo feta 99.98%, 'me mongobo o ka tlaase ho 0.005%.
Welding ea arc e ka tlas'a metsi
(1) Ho na le litšila tse phelang tse kang mafome, filimi ea oxide, mafura, joalo-joalo ka har'a weld.
(2) Motsoako o metsi.
(3) Ho phalla ho silafetse.
(4) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le potlakile haholo.
(5) Bophahamo bo sa lekaneng ba ho phalla.
(6) Bophahamo ba phallo e kholo haholo, e le hore khase e se ke ea e-ba bonolo ho baleha (haholo-holo ha boholo ba karoloana ea phallo e le ntle).
(7) Mohala oa ho cheselletsa o rusitse kapa o silafalitsoe ke oli.
(8) Polarity ha e tšoanelehe (haholo-holo ha docking e silafalitsoe, e tla baka li-pores).
(1) Weld e lokela ho siloa kapa e chesoe ka lelakabe, ebe e ntšoa ka borashe ba terata.
(2) hoo e ka bang 300 ℃ ho omisa
(3) Ela hloko ho boloka phallo le ho hloekisoa ha sebaka se haufi le karolo ea welding ho qoba ho kopanya li-sundries.
(4) Fokotsa lebelo la tjheseletsa.
(5) Molomo oa "flux outlet rabara tube" o lokela ho fetoloa holimo.
(6) The flux outlet rabara tube e lokela ho fetoloa ka tlaase, 'me bophahamo bo loketseng ke 30-40mm tabeng ea ho tjheseletsa ka mokhoa o itekanetseng.
(7) Fetolela terata e hloekisitsoeng ea welding.
(8) Fetola khokahanyo e tobileng ea hona joale (DC-) ho khokahanyo e tobileng ea morao-rao (DC +).
lisebelisoa tse mpe
(1) Tafole ea decompression e pholile, 'me khase ha e khone ho tsoa.
(2) Nozzle e thibiloe ke spark spatter.
(3) Mohala oa ho cheselletsa o na le oli le mafome.
(1) Ha ho se na heater ea motlakase e khomaretsoeng ho molaoli oa khase, ho lokela ho kenngoa mocheso oa motlakase, 'me lebelo la ho phalla ha meter le lokela ho hlahlojoa ka nako e le 'ngoe.
(2) Hloekisa nozzle spatter khafetsa.'Me e koahetsoe ka splash adhesion inhibitor.
(3) U se ke ua tšoara oli ha terata ea welding e bolokiloe kapa e kenngoa.
Mohala o itšireletsang ka bowena
(1) Matla a motlakase a phahame haholo.
(2) Bolelele bo hlahelletseng ba terata ea ho cheselletsa bo bokhutšoanyane haholo.
(3) Ho na le mafome, pente le mongobo holim'a poleiti ea tšepe.
(4) Tsela ea ho hula ea toche ea welding e sekametse haholo.
(5) Lebelo le tsamaeang le potlakile haholo, haholo-holo bakeng sa welding e tšekaletseng.
(1) Fokotsa motlakase.
(2) Sebelisa ho latela litaelo tse fapaneng tsa terata ea tjheseletsa.
(3) Hloekisa pele u tjheseletsa.
(4) Fokotsa angle ea ho hula hoo e ka bang 0-20 °.
(5) Fetola tsela e nepahetseng.
3. Undercut
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
Ho tjheseletsa arc ka letsoho
(1) Mokelikeli o matla haholo.
(2) Molamu oa welding ha o tšoanelehe.
(3) Arc e telele haholo.
(4) Mokhoa o sa nepahalang oa ts'ebetso.
(5) Thepa ea motheo e litšila.
(6) Tšepe ea motheo e chesa haholo.
(1) Sebelisa matla a tlaase.
(2) Khetha mofuta o nepahetseng le boholo ba molamu oa welding.
(3) Boloka bolelele bo nepahetseng ba arc.
(4) Sebelisa angle e nepahetseng, lebelo le liehang, arc e khuts'oane le mokhoa o moqotetsane oa ho matha.
(5) Tlosa matheba a oli kapa mafome holim'a tšepe ea motheo.
(6) Sebelisa li-electrode tse nang le li-diameter tse nyane.
CO2 khase e sirelelitsoeng welding
(1) Arc e telele haholo 'me lebelo la ho cheselletsa le lebelo haholo.
(2) Nakong ea welding ea fillet, ho tsamaisana ha electrode ho fosahetse.
(3) The tjheseletsa tjheseletsa swings kapa ts'ebetso e mpe, e le hore mahlakoreng a mabeli a sefaha tjheseletsa ba insufficiently tlala le undercut.
(1) Fokotsa bolelele le lebelo la arc.
(2) Nakong ea tjheseletsa ea fillet e otlolohileng, boemo ba terata ea welding e lokela ho ba 1-2mm ho tloha mateanong a litsela.
(3) Lokisa mokhoa oa ho sebetsa.
4. Ho kenyelletsoa ha Slag
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
Ho tjheseletsa arc ka letsoho
(1) Lera le ka pele la welding slag ha le tlosoe ka botlalo.
(2) Mokelikeli oa tjheseletsa o tlase haholo.
(3) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le tsamaya butle haholo.
(4) Sekepe sa electrode se pharaletse haholo.
(5) Motsoako o mobe oa weld le moralo.
(1) Tlosa ka ho feletseng lera le ka pele la welding slag.
(2) Sebelisa matla a holimo.
(3) Eketsa lebelo la tjheseletsa.
(4) Fokotsa bophara ba ho sisinyeha ha electrode.
(5) Lokisa sekhutlo se loketseng sa groove le sebaka se bulehileng.
CO2 khase arc welding
(1) Motheo oa tšepe o sekametse (ho theoha) ho ntšetsa pele slag ea welding.
(2) Ka mor'a tjheseletsa e fetileng, slag ea welding ha e hloeke.
(3) Mokelikeli o monyenyane haholo, lebelo le lieha, 'me tekanyo ea ho cheselletsa e kholo.
(4) Ha ho chesetsoa ka mokhoa oa ho ea pele, slag ea ho cheselletsa sekoting e ka pele haholo.
(1) Beha weldment sebakeng se otlolohileng ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.
(2) Ela hloko bohloeki ba sefaha se seng le se seng sa weld.
(3) Eketsa lebelo la hona joale le la tjheseletsa ho etsa hore slag ea welding e phaphametse habonolo.
(4) Eketsa lebelo la tjheseletsa
Welding ea arc e ka tlas'a metsi
(1) Tataiso ea welding e sekametse ho tšepe ea motheo, kahoo slag e phalla pele.
(2) Nakong ea li-welding tse ngata, bokaholimo ba grooved bo qhibiliha ke terata ea welding, 'me terata ea welding e haufi haholo le lehlakore la groove.
(3) Li-slag inclusions li ka 'na tsa etsahala sebakeng sa ho qala sa welding moo ho nang le poleiti ea tataiso.
(4) Haeba hona joale e le nyenyane haholo, ho na le tjheseletsa slag setseng pakeng tsa mekhahlelo ea bobeli, 'me mapetsong a hlahisoang habonolo ha tjheseletsa lipoleiti tšesaane.
(5) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le tlase haholo, e leng se etsang hore slag ea welding e tsoele pele.
(6) Arc voltage ea moalo oa ho qetela oa ho qetela o phahame haholo, e leng se etsang hore slag ea mahala ea welding e tsohe qetellong ea sefaha sa weld.
(1) The welding e lokela ho khutlisetsoa lehlakoreng le fapaneng, kapa tšepe ea motheo e lokela ho fetoloa ho ea lehlakoreng le rapameng ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.
(2) Sebaka se pakeng tsa lehlakore la sekotjana le terata ea ho tjheseletsa e lokela ho ba bonyane boholo ho feta bophara ba terata ea ho tjheseletsa.
(3) Botenya ba poleiti ea tataiso le sebōpeho sa slot e tlameha ho tšoana le tšepe ea motheo.
(4) Eketsa motlakase oa ho tjheseletsa ho etsa hore slag e setseng ea welding e qhibilihe habonolo.
(5) Eketsa hona joale tjheseletsa le lebelo tjheseletsa.
(6) Fokotsa motlakase kapa eketsa lebelo la welding.Haeba ho hlokahala, lesela la sekoahelo le fetoloa ho tloha ho tjheseletsa e le 'ngoe ho ea ho li-multi-pass welding.
Mohala o itšireletsang ka bowena
(1) Arc voltage e tlase haholo.
(2) Arc ea terata ea welding e fosahetse.
(3) Tepo ea ho cheselletsa e tsoa nako e telele haholo.
(4) Mokelikeli o tlase haholo 'me lebelo la ho cheselletsa le lieha haholo.
(5) Slag ea pele ea welding ha ea ka ea tlosoa ka ho lekaneng.
(6) Phallo ea pele e kopantsoe hampe.
(7) Motseko o moqotetsane haholo.
(8) Li-welds li theohela tlaase.
(1) Fetola tsela e nepahetseng.
(2) Eketsa boitlhakiso bo eketsehileng.
(3) Latela litaelo tsa tšebeliso ea lithapo tse fapa-fapaneng tse chesehang.
(4) Fetola li-parameter tsa welding.
(5) E hlakile ka ho feletseng
(6) Sebelisa motlakase o nepahetseng 'me u ele hloko ho swing arc.
(7) Lokisa sekhutlo se loketseng sa groove le sebaka se bulehileng.
(8) Robala fatše, kapa u tsamaee kapele.
5. Ho kenella ho sa fellang
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
Ho tjheseletsa arc ka letsoho
(1) Khetho e fosahetseng ea li-electrode.
(2) Mokelikeli o tlase haholo.
(3) Lebelo la welding le potlakile haholo, ho phahama ha mocheso ha hoa lekana, 'me lebelo le lieha haholo, arc impulse e koetsoe ke slag ea welding,' me e ke ke ea fuoa tšepe ea motheo.
(4) Moralo oa weld le motsoako o fosahetse.
(1) Sebelisa electrode e phunyeletsang haholoanyane.
(2) Sebelisa motlakase o loketseng.
(3) Sebelisa lebelo le loketseng la tjheseletsa ho e-na le hoo.
(4) Eketsa tekanyo ea grooving, eketsa lekhalo, 'me u fokotse botebo ba metso.
CO2 khase e sirelelitsoeng welding
(1) Arc e nyane haholo mme lebelo la welding le tlase haholo.
(2) Arc e telele haholo.
(3) Moralo o mobe oa slotting.
(1) Eketsa hona joale tjheseletsa le lebelo.
(2) Fokotsa bolelele ba arc.
(3) Eketsa tekanyo ea slotting.Eketsa lekhalo le ho fokotsa botebo ba motso.
Mohala o itšireletsang ka bowena
(1) Mokelikeli o tlase haholo.
(2) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le tsamaya butle haholo.
(3) Matla a motlakase a phahame haholo.
(4) Ho tsokotsa arc ho sa nepahalang.
(5) Tsela e sa nepahalang ea bevel.
(1) Eketsa motlakase.
(2) Eketsa lebelo la tjheseletsa.
(3) Fokotsa motlakase.
(4) Itloaetse ho feta.
(5) Sebelisa sekhutlo se seholoanyane sa ho slotting.
6. Crack
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
Ho tjheseletsa arc ka letsoho
(1) The weldment e na le likarolo tse ngata tsa alloy tse kang carbon le manganese.
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
Ho tjheseletsa arc ka letsoho
(1) The weldment e na le likarolo tse ngata tsa alloying tse kang carbon le manganese.
(2) Boleng ba electrode bo futsanehile kapa bo metsi.
(3) Khatello ea thibelo ea weld e kholo haholo.
(4) Likahare tsa sebabole tsa thepa ea libese li phahame haholo, tse sa lokelang ho chesoa.
(5) Ho se lokisetse ho lekaneng bakeng sa kaho.
(6) Botenya ba tšepe ea motheo bo boholo 'me pholileng e potlakile haholo.
(7) Mokelikeli o matla haholo.
(8) Pase ea pele ea weld ha ea lekana ho hanela khatello ea maikutlo.
(1) Sebelisa electrode e tlaase ea hydrogen.
(2) Sebelisa li-electrode tse loketseng 'me u ele hloko ho omisa.
(3) Ntlafatsa moralo oa sebopeho, ela hloko tatellano ea tjheseletsa, 'me u tsamaise kalafo ea mocheso ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa.
(4) Qoba ho sebelisa tšepe e mpe.
(5) Preheating kapa post-heating e lokela ho nkoa nakong ea welding.
(6) Preheat tšepe ea motheo 'me ue pholile butle ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa.
(7) Sebelisa motlakase o loketseng.
(8) Tšepe ea welding ea welding ea pele e tlameha ho hanela khatello ea maikutlo ka botlalo.
CO2 khase e sirelelitsoeng welding
(1) The angle slotting e nyane haholo, 'me mapetsong a pear le weld bead a tla etsahala nakong ea tjheseletsa e phahameng hona joale.
(2) Likahare tsa carbon tsa tšepe ea motheo le lisebelisoa tse ling li phahame haholo (weld bead le sebaka se chesang sa moriti).
(3) Ha ho chesetsoa ka mekhahlelo e mengata, karolo ea pele ea sefaha sa weld e nyane haholo.
(4) Tatelano e sa nepahalang ea tjheseletsa, e bakang matla a tlamang a feteletseng.
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(6) Letlapa la sleeve ha le kopane ka thata, le bakang ho se leka-lekane le khatello ea maikutlo.
(7) Pholiso e lieha (tšepe e sa hloekang, motsoako oa aluminium, joalo-joalo) ka lebaka la tekanyo e feteletseng ea welding ea lera la pele.
(1) Ela hloko ho hokahanngoa ha sekhutlo se loketseng sa ho kolota le hona joale, 'me u eketse sekhutlo ha ho hlokahala.
(2) Sebelisa li-electrode tse nang le khabone e tlase.
(3) Ea pele tjheseletsa tšepe e lokela ho ba ka ho lekaneng manganga ho shrinkage khatello ea kelello.
(4) Ntlafatsa moralo oa sebopeho, ela hloko tatellano ea tjheseletsa, 'me u tsamaise kalafo ea mocheso ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa.
(5) Ela hloko paballo ea terata ea tjheseletsa.
(6) Ela hloko ho nepahala ha motsoako oa weldment.
(7) Ela hloko lebelo le nepahetseng la hona joale le tjheseletsa.
Welding ea arc e ka tlas'a metsi
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(2) The weld bead e pholile ka potlako ho thatafatsa sebaka se anngoeng ke mocheso.
(3) Palo ea khabone le sebabole ka har'a terata ea ho cheselletsa e kholo haholo.
(4) Matla a lifaha a hlahisoang karolong ea pele ea li-welding tse ngata ha a lekana ho hanela khatello ea maikutlo.
(5) Ho kenella ho feteletseng kapa karohano nakong ea welding ea fillet.
(6) Tatelano ea kaho ea li-welding ha e nepahale, 'me matla a tlamang a tšepe ea motheo a maholo.
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(1) Sebelisa terata ea welding e nang le manganese e ngata.Ha tšepe ea motheo e na le carbon e ngata, mehato ea ho futhumatsa e lokela ho nkoa.
(2) Mohala oa tjheseletsa le motlakase li lokela ho eketsoa, lebelo la ho tjheseletsa le lokela ho fokotswa, mme tshepe ya motheo e hloka ho futhumatswa.
(3) Kenya terata e cheselletsang sebaka.
(4) Tšepe ea tjheseletsa ea lera la pele la bead ea weld e tlameha ho hanela khatello ea maikutlo ka botlalo.
(5) Fokotsa lebelo la tjheseletsa le lebelo le ho fetola polarity.
(6) Ela hloko mekhoa e behiloeng ea kaho ’me u fane ka litaelo tsa tšebetso ea ho cheselletsa litšepe.
(7) Karo-karolelano ea bophara ba lifaha tsa weld ho ea botebong ke hoo e ka bang 1: 1:25, hona joale e fokotseha 'me matla a eketseha.
7. Phetoho
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
ho cheseletsa ka letsoho
CO2 khase e sirelelitsoeng welding
Self-shielded flux-coreed wire welding
Othomathiki ka tlas'a metsi arc welding
(1) Mekhahlelo e mengata haholo ea ho cheselletsa.
(2) Tatelano e sa nepahalang ea tjheseletsa.
(3) Ho se lokisetse ho lekaneng bakeng sa kaho.
(4) Pholiso e feteletseng ea tšepe ea motheo.
(5) Tšepe ea motheo e chesa haholo.(leqephe)
(6) Moralo o sa nepahalang oa weld.
(7) Tšepe e ngata haholo e chesetsoa.
(8) Mokhoa oa thibelo ha oa nepahala.
(1) Sebelisa li-electrode tse nang le li-diameter tse kholoanyane le maqhubu a phahameng.
(2) Lokisa tatellano ea tjheseletsa
(3) Pele o tjheselletsa tjheseletsa, sebedisa sesebediswa ho lokisa weld ho qoba ho loana.
(4) Qoba ho pholile ho feteletseng kapa ho futhumatsa tšepe ea motheo.
(5) Sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa welding tse nang le ho kenella ho tlase.
(6) Fokotsa lekhalo la weld le ho fokotsa palo ea li-slots.
(7) Ela hloko boholo ba welding 'me u se ke ua etsa hore sefaha sa weld se be seholo haholo.
(8) Ela hloko mehato ea ho lokisa ho thibela deformation.
8. Litšitiso tse ling tsa welding
Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
sesosa
Mehato e thibelang
pharallana
(1) Mokelikeli o tlase haholo.
(2) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le tsamaya butle haholo.
(1) Sebelisa motlakase o loketseng.
(2) Sebelisa lebelo le loketseng.
Ponahalo e mpe ea lifaha tsa weld
(1) Thupa ea ho cheselletsa e nang le phoso.
(2) Mokhoa oa ts'ebetso ha o tšoanelehe.
(3) Hona joale tjheseletsa e phahame haholo mme bophara ba electrode bo tenya haholo.
(4) The weldment ke overheated.
(5) Ka sefaha sa weld, mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa ha o ntle.
(6) Keletso ea ho ikopanya e apere.
(7) Bolelele ba ho atolosoa ha terata ea welding bo lula bo sa fetohe.
(1) Khetha electrode e omeletseng ea boholo bo loketseng le boleng bo botle.
(2) Amohela junifomo le lebelo le loketseng le tatelano ea tjheseletsa.
(3) Khetha tjheseletsa e nang le hona joale le bophara bo loketseng.
(4) Fokotsa motlakase.
(5) Itloaetse ho feta.
(6) Kenya sebaka sa ntlha ea ho ikopanya.
(7) Boloka bolelele bo tsitsitseng 'me u be le tsebo.
seboba
(1) Tšebeliso e fosahetseng ea lithupa tse chesellang.
(2) Electrode e metsi.
(3) Pholiso e feteletseng ea tšepe ea motheo.
(4) Li-electrode tse sa hloekang le ho arohana ha li-wellds.
(5) Likarolo tsa k'habone le manganese tse ho cheseletso li phahame haholo.
(1) Sebelisa electrode e loketseng, haeba e ke ke ea felisoa, sebelisa electrode e tlaase ea hydrogen.
(2) Sebelisa li-electrode tse omisitsoeng.
(3) Fokotsa lebelo la ho cheselletsa 'me u qobe ho pholile ka potlako.Ho molemo ho sebelisa preheating kapa postheating.
(4) Sebelisa eleketrode e ntle e tlase ea mofuta oa haedrojene.
(5) Sebelisa li-electrode tse nang le letsoai le phahameng.
karolo ea arc
(1) Nakong ea welding ea DC, matla a khoheli a hlahisoang ke weldment ha a lekane, e leng se etsang hore arc e khelohe.
(2) Boemo ba terata ea fatše ha bo ntle.
(3) The angle e hulang ea toche ea tjheseletsa e kholo haholo.
(4) Bolelele ba ho atolosoa ha terata ea welding bo bokhutšoanyane haholo.
(5) Matla a motlakase a phahame haholo 'me arc e telele haholo.
(6) Mokelikeli o moholo haholo.
(7) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le potlakile haholo.
(1) Beha terata ea fatše ka lehlakoreng le leng la arc, kapa weld ka lehlakoreng le leng, kapa sebelisa arc e khutšoanyane, kapa u lokise matla a khoheli ho etsa hore e be e ts'oanang, kapa u fetole ho tjheseletsa ea AC.
(2) Fetola boemo ba terata ea fatše.
(3) Fokotsa angle ea ho hula toche.
(4) Eketsa bolelele bo atolositsoeng ba terata ea welding.
(5) Fokotsa motlakase le arc.
(6) Itokisetse ho sebelisa motlakase o loketseng.
(7) Lebelo la tjheseletsa le ya butle.
chesa ka
(1) Ha ho e-na le welding e slotted, motlakase o moholo haholo.
(2) Lekhalo pakeng tsa li-welds le leholo haholo ka lebaka la ho se sebetse hantle.
(1) Fokotsa motlakase.
(2) Fokotsa lekhalo la weld.
Sefaha sa weld se sa lekaneng
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(2) Ts'ebetso ea toche ea welding ha e na tsebo.
(1) Kenya sebaka sa ntlha ea ho ikopanya le welding ka e ncha.
(2) Etsa boitlhakiso bo eketsehileng.
Welding meokho
(1) Hona joale e kholo haholo 'me lebelo la ho cheselletsa le lieha haholo.
(2) Arc e khuts'oane haholo mme sefaha sa weld se phahame.
(3) Mohala oa ho tjheseletsa ha o tsamaisane hantle.(ha fillet e chesoa)
(1) Khetha lebelo le nepahetseng la hona joale le tjheseletsa.
(2) Eketsa bolelele ba arc.
(3) Mohala oa ho tjheseletsa ha oa lokela ho ba hole haholo le mateano a litsela.
Litlhase tse feteletseng
(1) Thupa ea ho cheselletsa e nang le phoso.
(2) Arc e telele haholo.
(3) Mokelikeli o phahame haholo kapa o tlase haholo.
(4) Arc voltage e phahame haholo kapa e tlase haholo.
(5) Tepo ea ho tjheseletsa e hlahella ka nako e telele haholo.
(6) Toche ea welding e sekametse haholo mme angle ea ho hula e kholo haholo.
(7) Khoele ea ho cheselletsa e na le hygroscopic e feteletseng.
(8) Mochini oa welding o maemong a mabe.
(1) Sebelisa li-electrode tse omeletseng le tse loketseng.
(2) Sebelisa arc e khutšoanyane.
(3) Sebelisa motlakase o loketseng.
(4) Fetola tsela e nepahetseng.
(5) Latela litaelo tsa tšebeliso ea lithapo tse fapaneng tsa ho tjheseletsa.
(6) E boloke e otlolohile ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang 'me u qobe ho sekama ho feteletseng.
(7) Ela hloko maemo a polokelo ea sebaka sa polokelo.
(8) Lokisa, ela hloko tlhokomelo matsatsing a beke.
Weld lifaha zigzag
(1) Khoele ea ho cheselletsa e tsoa nako e telele haholo.
(2) Mohala oa ho cheselletsa o sothehile.
(3) Ts'ebetso e fosahetseng ea mohala.
(1) Sebelisa bolelele bo loketseng, mohlala, terata e tiileng e fetela 20-25mm ha motlakase o le moholo.Bolelele bo hlahelletseng bo ka ba 40-50mm nakong ea ho tjheseletsa ho itshireletsang.
(2) Beha terata sebakeng se secha kapa u lokise ho sotha.
(3) Ha o sebetsa ka tsela e otlolohileng, toche ea welding e lokela ho bolokoa e otlolohile.
Arc ha e tsitsa
(1) Leqheka la ho ikopanya le pheletsong e ka pele ea toche ea tjheseletsa e kholo haholo ho feta bophara ba mantlha ba terata ea welding.
(2) Leqheka la ho ikopanya le apere.
(3) Mohala oa ho cheselletsa o kobehile.
(4) Ho potoloha ha terata ha ho bonolo.
(5) Motsu oa lebili le tsamaisang terata o se o tsofetse.
(6) Lebili le hatelloang hantle.
(7) Ho hanyetsa ha motsoako oa conduit ho hoholo haholo.
(1) Bophara ba mantlha ba terata ea welding bo tlameha ho tsamaellana le ntlha ea ho ikopanya.
(2) Kenya sebaka sa ntlha ea ho ikopanya.
(3) Otlolla crimp ea terata.
(4) Tlosa leqhubu la conveyor ho tlotsa ho potoloha.
(5) Tlosa lebili le tsamaisang.
(6) Khatello e lokela ho ba e loketseng, terata e hlephileng haholo e mpe, terata e thata haholo e senyehile.
(7) Ho kobeha ha catheter ho hoholo haholo, lokisa le ho fokotsa palo ea ho kobeha.
Arc e etsahala pakeng tsa nozzle le tšepe ea motheo
(1) Potoloho e khuts'oane lipakeng tsa nozzle, conduit kapa ntlha ea ho ikopanya.
(1) Lithupa tsa spark spatter le nozzle li ngata haholo hore li ka ntšoa, kapa sebelisa tšupu ea ceramic e nang le tšireletso e sireletsang ea toche ea welding.
Welding torch nozzle overheating
(1) Metsi a pholileng ha a khone ho tsoa ka ho lekaneng.
(2) Mokelikeli o moholo haholo.
(1) Peipi ea metsi a pholileng e koetsoe.Haeba peipi ea metsi a pholileng e koetsoe, e tlameha ho tlosoa ho etsa hore khatello ea metsi e phahame le ho phalla ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng.
(2) Toche ea welding e sebelisoa ka har'a sebaka se lumelletsoeng sa hajoale le sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso.
Mohala o khomarela ntlheng ea ho kopana
(1) Sebaka se pakeng tsa ntlha ea ho kopana le tšepe ea motheo se khutšoanyane haholo.
(2) Ho hanyetsa ha catheter ho hoholo haholo 'me ho fepa ka terata ho fokola.
(3) Mokelikeli o monyenyane haholo 'me motlakase o moholo haholo.
(1) Sebelisa sebaka se loketseng kapa sekoti se selelele hanyenyane ho qala arc, ebe u ikamahanya le sebaka se loketseng.
(2) Hlakola bokahare ba catheter ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho tsamaisa.
(3) Fetola litekanyetso tse loketseng tsa hona joale le tsa motlakase.
Nako ea poso: Jun-07-2022